English: The Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is a population of the tiger subspecies native to the Indian subcontinent, present in the region since the Late Pleistocene. Ranking among the largest wild cats, its range extends across India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and Southwestern China. A critical stronghold for this endangered species is the Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal, India. Part of the vast Ganges Delta and adjacent to the Sundarban Reserve Forest in Bangladesh, this area comprises dense mangrove forests that serve as one of the largest reserves for the Bengal tiger. Beyond the tiger, the Sundarbans ecosystem supports a rich biodiversity, including saltwater crocodiles, birds, and reptiles. The park has a significant conservation history; declared the core area of a Tiger Reserve in 1973 and a National Park in 1984, it was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 and designated a Ramsar site in 2019. Despite conservation efforts, the Bengal tiger remains threatened by poaching and habitat fragmentation. As of 2022, population estimates reported 3,167–3,682 individuals in India, with smaller populations persisting in Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.